Advanced Media Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advanced Media - Case Study Example In such a fixe position, the Major League Baseball Advanced media (MLBAM) has had an influence on MLB. Some of them are as discussed below. MLBAM offers technological professionalism to MLB. It is in charge of all the television rights, online networks, website issues and club investments. Through this, it has been able to generate more than & 87 million for MLB (Elberse & Laffel, 2011). Years ago, MLB relied on revenue generated solely from ticket sale, stadium concession and clubs contribution. However, through the merchandising influence by MLBAM, it has been able to sell MLB-branded items like for instance hats, jerseys and baseballs. This merchandise was evident for instance when an MLB club; Boston Red Sox won the Baseball league in 2004. In less than a day after the win, there was a $ 4.8 million revenue generation from the club’s gear. After the return of MLBAM’s top executives from the Apple’s Headquarters, it became evident through a mobile meeting they held with Steve Jobs that they had been selected to show case a sport-related application on behalf of the iPad. This is because of its good reputation of having a convincing league website and having a genuine success record of accomplishment in the digital media history. From the reports, MLBAM is in a position to generate more than $440 million of revenue from the sale of tickets, money from paid content, adverts and involving itself in merchandise practice (Elberse & Laffel, 2011).It is true most business ventures have failed in surviving in a digital environment. Luckily, MLBAM has overcome such limitations and associated failures. With such a good record, the company came up with the At Bat app, which became the second sort after application on iPhones and IPods. With it having featured among the best selling apps on iTunes, it got so many nam es. For instance, Macworld

Wuthering Heights by Silvia Plath Essay Example for Free

Wuthering Heights by Silvia Plath Essay  «Wuthering Heights » is a poem written by an American poet Sylvia Plath and is based on a novel of the same name by Emily Bronte. In order to convey her internal feelings of despair and disappointment, Sylvia uses a certain tone, structure, and a number of stylistic devises. Below is a descriptive analysis of how she manages to do so, and an interpretation of a poem’s meaning stanza by stanza. From the beginning of the first line, Sylvia Plath sets a depressive and negative tone to her poem. The horizons ring me like faggots†- is the first line of the poem, and yet it already suggests how desolate the place from where she looks at them is. With the use of personification â€Å"ring me† she creates an aural image of ringing, which enhances the solitude she experiences, as ears tend to ring in a silent place. Horizons are â€Å"titled and disparate†, where the word â€Å"disparate† echoes the word â€Å"despair†, in its turn implying that she is in a desperate emotional state. Through using a metaphor â€Å"touched by a match†, referring to the horizons, and saying that â€Å"they might warm me†, she not only acknowledges the reader of the coldness she feels, but also expresses hope that the horizons might warm her. However, the hope soon dissolves, along with the horizons in the last two lines of the poem- â€Å"But they only dissolve and dissolve, Like a series of promises, as I step forward†. Through repetition she enhances the bitterness she feels from the disappointment, and compares the warmth that was neglected to her, to the promises that were made to her but were never kept. The enjambment of the sentence structure between the last two lines is another proof to the possible connection between the horizons and promises. Such connection might mean that it is her allusion to her husband- a poet Ted Hughes that has not been loyal to her despite the vows given during their marriage. With the use of the word â€Å"me†, the readers become aware of the fact that Sylvia writes it in the first person inclusive and describes her own experience, which in its turns raises their feeling of compassion towards her and once again suggests that this poem might have been dedicated to her ex husband. With the following second stanza the tone of the poem becomes more depressing. By saying that â€Å"there is no life higher than the grasstops or the hearts of sheep†, she creates boundaries to the vastness of life, limiting and comparing its essence to that of a plant’s and an animal’s, leaving the humans out of the poem. The depressive mood degrades the tone and atmosphere to an extent of filling it with death and fatality. If Sylvia pays â€Å"the roots of the heather too close attention†, they will â€Å"whiten her bones among them†. The combination of the words â€Å"bones† and â€Å"white† in one sentence might suggest that the roots will bring her death; since the skin of a corpse turns white due to the lack of blood, and bones are the leftovers of a dead hence both are associated with mortality. As opposed to the first stanza, the second stanza takes her to a completely different place. Grasstops, sheep, the roots of heather- all surround her, whereas in the first stanza she is completely alone in a huge desolate space. The change in her surroundings suggests her movement across the moorland, but at the same time it points out the maintenance of her demoralized emotional state and the lack of a positive change about it. The tone of despair and loneliness is carried on to the proceeding stanzas, and is more evident in the last two. By saying that â€Å"Water limpid as the solitudes that flee through my fingers†, Sylvia shows the reader her abstract idea of being alone with the help of a consonance- â€Å"as- solitude† and â€Å"flee- fingers†. The â€Å"s† sound helps the reader imagine the literal hardness of solitude, as well as its transparency by being able to flow through her fingers with the â€Å"f† sounds. This in its turn indicates solitude’s double nature and Sylvia’s inability to neither control nor change it. In lines four and five Sylvia for the first time creates an image of nothing being straight- â€Å"hollow doorsteps go from grass to grass; lintel and sill have unhinged themselves†. By using the repetition â€Å"grass to grass†, she mimics the slowness of doorsteps’ steps, and personifies the doorsteps by giving them the ability to go. She also uses personification to describe how lintel and sill unhinge themselves, which once again reflects upon the presence of chaos and despair in her surroundings. By mentioning doorsteps, hinges and sills, she for the first time acknowledges the existence of humans in the past, and their current absence from the world that has been taken over by nature. The removal of all people but herself from the world not only enhances the bitterness she feels towards them, but also marks her egocentric nature as she is not willing to accept any advanced living thing but herself, preferring the nature instead. The fourth stanza ends with a repetition of the words â€Å"black stone, black stone†. As the air blows, Sylvia creates an aural image of the air moaning those words with the repetition technique, which slows down the speed of their pronouncement. At the same time, the air therefore is personified as it is given the ability to speak. This emphasizes the death and coldness present during the absence of life not only around her but also within her, as she is the only person that can hear the air say it. In the fifth, the final stanza of the poem the tone remains depressing and yet the ending suggests the possible appearance of hope. The paragraph begins with the reinforced idea of Sylvia being the only â€Å"upright† living thing- â€Å"The sky leans on me, me, the one upright among all horizontals†. Besides personifying the sky, she is also using the repetition â€Å"me, me† to stress the importance of being upright, and at the same time the solitude it brings her when everything else is horizontal. She then personifies the grass as it is â€Å"beating its head distractedly†, but it is also a contradiction since grass ought to be strong in order to survive in such cruel conditions. The fact that a grass beats its head may also reflect Sylvia’s unstable state of mind, which adds the feelings of compassion and grief to the atmosphere of the tone. Unlike other personifications that Sylvia Plath uses in this poem, the personification of a grass suggests her sympathy and familiarity towards it. She calls it â€Å"too delicate for a life in such company†, assuming that â€Å"darkness terrifies it†. This involvement with the description of what grass has to go through may imply that Sylvia describes her own life whilst comparing its hardship to that of a grass. The last two sentences are significant in a sense that Sylvia gives the reader a chance to decide whether the hope appears or does not. With the use of sibilance â€Å"black as†, she contrasts the blackness with the whiteness from the â€Å"light† that the house exerts. This is the first time she mentions the possible existence of human beings around her, and this raises hope as the â€Å"lights gleam like a small change† in the dreadful and dark surroundings. However, the presence of light may also mean that the rest of the world has fallen into absolute darkness, and the small light in the distance will soon die under its pressure. According to facts Sylvia Plath has committed suicide on February 11th, 1963 and this is when both interpretations undergo amalgamation to suggest that she may have had space for hope in her heart, but in reality her life was oppressing her to an extent of leading her life to a tragic end. According to the above analysis, the poem is written in the first person narrative where Sylvia gives a vivid image of her life hrough using literary devices to set the tone of despair and loneliness. Personally, I think Sylvia Plath communicates her internal troubles intensely and passionately. Through the description of landscape, the action of nature within it, the roles of colour and light- she is able to paint a picture of her life clearly enough for the reader to understand her message, and yet she disguises some aspects of the poem through imagery and metaphors to let the reader interpret and relate to the poem in a personal way. By introducing light into the poem, Sylvia twists the ending and confuses the reader, forcing him to reconsider his assumptions regarding the poem’s tone, meaning and the resolution. In case of Sylvia Plath’s life, the hope is lost in the end of it and annihilation takes over. However, because the poem lacks any names and includes the reader into it with the word â€Å"me†, the reader is left with his own imagination to decide whether the tone and the resolution take on a positive note, or fall into a greater despair.

heritage Essay -- essays research papers

Alice Walker, author of The Color Purple, explores in her short story â€Å"Everyday Use† the conflict of class within a family of females through their culture and heritage. This article sponsored by: Click here for All Season Performance Outerwear. Waterproof, windproof, breathable, affordable. Guaranteed. www.FroggToggs.com The story centers around Dee Johnson, her sister, Maggie, and their mother, Mrs. Johnson. Although each possesses the same culture and live in the same environment, Dee chooses to live differently from them. Maggie and Mrs. Johnson are content with living a simple life, through which their heritage signifies pride and usefulness. Not only are they well versed about the family history, but they also utilize the skills that have been passed on to them by their ancestors. Dee, on the other hand, refuses to acknowledge that she is a product of her environment and instead longs for a life built on materialism and pretentiousness. Dee goes off to school and experiences the world outside of the life she has endured with Maggie and their mother. Her nonconformity goes to new heights. On a return visit home, Dee flaunts not only her male companion, but also her new persona that includes a fashionable wardrode, a new attitude, and a new name. Dee has changed her name to Wangero. She has always despised the fact that she was named after relatives, who she claims has oppressed her. Dee felt oppressed by her birth name because every preceding female rela...

Marketing Plan Bo’s Coffee

INTRODUCTION Perhaps one of the most commonly traded commodities, one of the most closely monitored and understandably one of the products revered with much affection. Coffee has been an integral part of the Filipino’s life. Coffee, along with sugar and rice, is probably found in every household in the Philippines regardless of socio-economic status. Coffee has been made synonymous with morning rituals, afternoon breaks and hospitality, it would never do to run out of the deep brown brew especially when company was around. Very recently, another image of coffee was introduced into the minds of Filipinos. Coffee as a social symbol. This trend was induced by the proliferation of coffee shops where people can buy coffee and consume it in an atmosphere optimized for its ultimate enjoyment. These coffee shops have become the new temples and common houses for the public, mixing the strong brew with a hodge-podge of different sensory experiences and good vibes. This paper concentrates on the conduct of one such coffee shop. One that was the first of its kind in the South, providing for the citizens of Cebu a coffee experience akin to that abroad. Coffee Centrale, The Bean Co. Inc. , more commonly known as â€Å"Bo’s Coffee Club,† has recently set its sights on the NCR market after a successful seven-year run in the Visayas-Mindanao region. The Paper seeks to provide a bold and aggressive Marketing Plan to help the company spread its wings and assert itself as a significant player in an industry dominated by foreign franchises. The Paper is based on a Usage, Attitude and Image study to better understand what exactly people find appealing in their choice of coffee shops. It is complemented by research that is ensured accurate and up-to-date to glean valuable insight into the lives and perspectives of the target market. The researchers advise strategies shown in this Paper based on current research and careful analysis. Detailed action plans will then be presented, outlining how each of these operational strategies can be fulfilled with the greatest positive financial and competitive benefit to the subject firm.

Lottery Ticket’

Nothing is more cold and neutral in the allotment of fates among a group of equals than with a random game of chance. No one is favored neither is anyone discriminated against. Everyone enjoys the same chances of winning the pot viz. ‘the Lottery Ticket’ by Anton Chekov, just as much as everyone shares the same degree of nervous apprehension from being chosen among the lot as part of a dark ritual viz. ‘the Lottery’, Shirley Jackson. Many men have squandered their lives and property to follow the fickle goddess of circumstances. Likewise, societies throughout history from across different cultures have oftentimes done away with the long process of rational thought and quiet contemplation for a decisively quick way to decide on issues: through an impartial lottery draw of lives across the board. When chance is allowed to determine the fates of men, the results are irrevocable and are not open to discussion or compromise. Once mathematical statistics have chosen the roll, the consequences have the effect of law. Its concomitant mandate is as good as the universe itself has already firmly spoken on the matter. Both the short stories dwell on the central idea of lottery but the angles by which the scheme of it is scrutinized are in the opposite extremes. In brief, Anton Chekov’s ‘the Lottery Ticket’ tells of the sharp, positive change in the outlook of Ivan Dmitritch and his wife who both led an otherwise enervated and disillusioned life (Chekov 88). They were both thrilled with the prospect of being able to afford a few luxuries in life by winning a hefty sum of money from the lottery (ibid.). Ivan begins to imagine the myriad ways to spend the prize money just as his wife was likewise animated at the thought of traveling to places and improving her lot in life (ibid.). It does not take long before Ivan realizes that it was his wife’s ticket and the entire money belonged to her. He foresees the hypothetical situation where she would have him on a leash. Thus, to dispel the unsavory possibility of being subrogated to the wife, Ivan reveals that the ticket was spurious and the combination did not match the winning number. All at once, bliss was replaced with ill-humor. The resentment for their lives has never been more sharply felt. They had a brief taste of bliss although temporarily. From then on nothing will be the same for them again (Chekov 89). On the other hand, Shirley Jackson’s ‘the Lottery’ takes away the ecstatic pleasure one feels in winning the lottery and replaces it with abject dread and horror.   Without going much into details, a group of people in a certain remote village adopted the brand of lottery which was designed to indiscriminately pick the name of a person, on a fixed time and location, to be subjected to public lynching (Jackson 12). The lottery draw is not something that everyone looks forward to every time it was being held. Instead, it is largely anticipated with fear and terror (Jackson 13). Although the tradition is highly unusual and cruel, people in this community continue to practice the ritual even after its neighboring villages stopped doing it altogether (ibid.). Their talismanic attachment to the lottery is left unexplained although one can draw the connection between symbolic barbarism of backward societies and unquestioned belief in tradition. Nevertheless, the people do not take alarm at the punishment because everyone is statistically equal with the other. Only Tessie Hutchinson seems to be complaining precisely because she was on the fore about to suffer the injury and the unjust penalty of death (Jackson 14). In the same vein, the tradition is perpetuated to the younger generation who were at the frontlines eagerly casting out stones from a pile they have previously prepared. Lottery has been around in human recorded history since time immemorial. Abraham who took charge of large plots of land settled disputes on ownership and patrimony through a simple and efficient method of drawing lots (King James Bible, Gen. 1.18-25). The principle of deciding by lottery is practiced up to the present time. It is generally adopted to resolve issues because of its appeal to fair justice (From Grandpa with Love, 2). The flipside to this argument is that everyone shares both justice and injustice equally. Shirley Jackson’s ‘the Lottery’ is an exposition of this principle in the negative end, whereas, Anton Chekov’s ‘the Lottery’ takes off from the notion that fair play sometimes breed resentment and jealousy by the one who is un-favored against those who are favored. The short stories are cries against injustice, either asking â€Å"why not me?† or â€Å"why me?† in the end. Works Cited Chekov, Anton. The Wife and other Stories: The Tales of Chekov vol. 5. New York: Bibliobazaar Publishers Inc., 2003. From Grandpa with Love.   International Bible Society: Zondervan Publishing House, 1984. 12 February 2008. . Jackson, Shirley. The Lottery and other Stories. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005. King James Bible. New York: Hendrikson Publishers, 2003.

Free Essays on Consumer Price Index

The Consumer Price Index, which is issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is compiled to measure the movement of prices on goods and services purchased by consumers in the whole country. It is based on prices of the following:  § FOOD AND BEVERAGES (breakfast cereal, milk, coffee, chicken, wine,  § full service meals and snacks);  §  § HOUSING (rent of primary residence, owners' equivalent rent, fuel oil,  § bedroom furniture);  §  § APPAREL (men's shirts and sweaters, women's dresses, jewelry);  §  § TRANSPORTATION (new vehicles, airline fares, gasoline, motor vehicle  § insurance);  §  § MEDICAL CARE (prescription drugs and medical supplies, physicians'  § services, eyeglasses and eye care, hospital services);  §  § RECREATION (televisions, cable television, pets and pet products,  § sports equipment, admissions);  §  § EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION (college tuition, postage,  § telephone services, computer software and accessories);  §  § OTHER GOODS AND SERVICES (tobacco and smoking products,  § haircuts and other personal services, funeral expenses). It is also based on service fees and excise taxes, however, it excludes income tax and investment items. Prices are collected from eighty-seven urban areas across the country from approximately 50,000 landlords and tenants and 23,000 stores, hospitals, and other service establishments. The actual index number results from the comparison of current costs of goods and services to the cost of the same items from the thirty-six month base period between 1982-1984. Two indexes are derived monthly from these spending patterns: CPI-U and CPI-W. The CPI-U, introduced in 1978, is based upon all residents of urban areas, which make up eighty-seven percent of the population. The CPI-W is based upon all clerical and wage workers and one household member who has worked at least thirty-seven weeks in the past twelve m... Free Essays on Consumer Price Index Free Essays on Consumer Price Index The Consumer Price Index, which is issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is compiled to measure the movement of prices on goods and services purchased by consumers in the whole country. It is based on prices of the following:  § FOOD AND BEVERAGES (breakfast cereal, milk, coffee, chicken, wine,  § full service meals and snacks);  §  § HOUSING (rent of primary residence, owners' equivalent rent, fuel oil,  § bedroom furniture);  §  § APPAREL (men's shirts and sweaters, women's dresses, jewelry);  §  § TRANSPORTATION (new vehicles, airline fares, gasoline, motor vehicle  § insurance);  §  § MEDICAL CARE (prescription drugs and medical supplies, physicians'  § services, eyeglasses and eye care, hospital services);  §  § RECREATION (televisions, cable television, pets and pet products,  § sports equipment, admissions);  §  § EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION (college tuition, postage,  § telephone services, computer software and accessories);  §  § OTHER GOODS AND SERVICES (tobacco and smoking products,  § haircuts and other personal services, funeral expenses). It is also based on service fees and excise taxes, however, it excludes income tax and investment items. Prices are collected from eighty-seven urban areas across the country from approximately 50,000 landlords and tenants and 23,000 stores, hospitals, and other service establishments. The actual index number results from the comparison of current costs of goods and services to the cost of the same items from the thirty-six month base period between 1982-1984. Two indexes are derived monthly from these spending patterns: CPI-U and CPI-W. The CPI-U, introduced in 1978, is based upon all residents of urban areas, which make up eighty-seven percent of the population. The CPI-W is based upon all clerical and wage workers and one household member who has worked at least thirty-seven weeks in the past twelve m...

How Blue Lava Works

How Blue Lava Works Indonesias Kawah Ijen volcano has gained internet fame for Paris-based photographer  Olivier Grunewalds photographs of its stunning electric blue lava. However, the blue glow doesnt actually come from lava and the phenomenon isnt restricted to that volcano. Heres a look at the chemical composition of the blue stuff and where you can go to see it. What Is Blue Lava? The lava that flows from the Kawah Ijen volcano on the island of Java is the usual glowing red color of molten rock flowing from any volcano. The flowing electric blue color arises from the combustion of sulfur-rich gases. Hot, pressurized gases push through cracks in the volcano wall, burning as they come into contact with air. As they burn, sulfur condenses into a liquid, which flows downward. Its still burning, so it looks like blue lava. Because the gases are pressurized, the blue flames shoot up to 5 meters in the air. Because sulfur has a relatively low melting point of  Ã‚  239 °F (115 °C), it can flow for some distance before solidifying into the familiar yellow form of the element. Although the phenomenon occurs all the time, the blue flames are most visible at night. If you view the volcano during the day, it wouldnt appear unusual. Unusual Colors of Sulfur Sulfur is an interesting non-metal that displays different colors, depending on its state of matter. Sulfur burns with a blue flame. The solid is yellow. Liquid sulfur is blood red (resembling lava). Because of its low melting point and availability, you can burn sulfur in a flame and see this for yourself. When it cools, elemental sulfur forms a polymer or plastic or monoclinic crystals (depending on conditions), that spontaneously change into rhombic crystals. Make Plastic SulfurMake Sulfur Crystals Where To View Blue Lava The Kawah Ijen volcano releases unusually high levels of sulfuric gases, so its probably the best place to view the phenomenon. It is a 2-hour hike to the rim of the volcano, followed by a 45-minute hike down to the caldera. If you travel to Indonesia to see it, you should bring a gas mask to protect yourself from the fumes, which may be harmful to your health. Workers who collect and sell the sulfur typically do not wear protection, so you can leave your mask for them when you leave. Although the Kawah volcano is most readily accessible, other volcanoes in the Ijen may also produce the effect. Although it is less spectacular at other volcanoes in the world, if you view the base of any eruption at night, you may see the blue fire. Another volcanic location known for the blue fire is Yellowstone National Park. Forest fires have been known to melt and burn sulfur, causing it to flow as burning blue rivers in the park. Traces of these flows appear as black lines. Molten sulfur may be found around many volcanic fumaroles. If the temperature is high enough, the sulfur will burn. Although most fumaroles arent open to the public during the night (for fairly obvious safety reasons), if you live in a volcanic region, it might be worth watching and waiting for sunset to see if there is blue fire or blue lava. Fun Project To Try If you dont have sulfur but want to make a glowing blue eruption, grab some tonic water, Mentos candies, and a black light and make a glowing Mentos volcano.

Is College Really Worth It Expert Cost-Benefit Analysis

Is College Really Worth It Expert Cost-Benefit Analysis SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips With tuition rising every year, more and more students are asking themselves, "Is college worth it?"Many people believe that getting a college education is an important part of becoming a successful adult. Others, however, find it difficult to justify the increasing investment necessary to earn a degree. There’s no one path that’s right for everyone, andit can be difficult to think critically about the decision to go to college when you’re feeling pressured one way or another. There’s no simple answer to this question, butthere is a rational way to think about whether college isthe right path for you. Just as with any investment, you want to think about the relationship between what you put into it (like money, time, and effort) and what you get out of it (like education, networking, and career opportunities). The more you get out of it ascompared to how much you put in, the better the investment. In this post, I'll go through all the potential benefits and drawbacks of pursuing a four-year bachelor's degree so you have all the information to decide for yourself whether college is worth it. A Bit of Background on the Value of a College Degree Before we get started, I want to fill you in on the how the worth of a college degree has changed over time. This way, you'll have a better framework for understanding whether a degree may (or may not) be worth it for you. Since the mid-20th century, the US population has becomeincreasingly educated - simply put, more people are getting bachelor's degrees. In this graph from the US Census Bureau, you can see how the percentage of people with BA degrees has increased from 4.6% in 1940 to 32% in 2015: US Census Bureau Graph There are many reasons why we've seen these educational attainment changes over time, including: The decline of manufacturing jobs, especially for unskilled workers. Employers seeking college graduates for positionsthat didn't previously require a bachelor's degree. Governmentsubsidies in higher education, making college more affordable (until costs rose to meet demand, thereby making college more expensive). Overall, there are a lot of financial and political factors thathave influenced this significant and prolonged shift in how people view college degrees: now, it's often considereddifficult to get awell-paying job (or any job, really) without a college education. That doesn't mean, however, that going to college is always the smart thing to do. It's a big decision, and it's one that warrants some critical thought. To help you think about whether college is worth it for you specifically, let's jump right into the good stuff: the possible investments you have to make to get a college education and the possible benefits you reap as a result. What You Put In: The Costs of College If you're thinking about pursuing a college degree, you'll have to make some sacrifices. The following factors are what I consider to be investments in a post-secondary education. The extent to which these investments affect you depends on your own unique situation, so I'll explainhow to think critically about theseissues in each section. Overall, the major investments you would have to make in a college education are money, time, and effort. Let's see exactly how these might affect whether college is a worthy investment. Money The amount of money that you invest in your education depends on so many factors: your specific school, your financial need, your academic strength, potential scholarship winnings, etc. In general, the less money you have to pay for school, the better aninvestment your education will be. However, even an expensive degree may be well worth it if it pays out in the long run (I'll talk more about that in a bit). Tuition is the most obvious cost associated with attending college, but you also have to worry about room, board, books, personal expenses, and transportation. For more information on all the nitty gritty details of educational expenses, check out our college costs guide. The financial investment you'll make in pursuing a bachelor's degree is perhaps the most important investmentto consider. The average US college grad leaves school with a pretty significant amount of debt - debt that's sometimes very difficult to overcome. There are ways to make your college education more affordable, but sometimes it's tough (or even impossible) to get those expenses down to a comfortable amount. There's nothing wrong with paying a lot for school or even having student debt - it's when those expenses become a burden that they become a problem. Time Most people take four years to complete a BA degree. Depending on your career goals, this may represent an opportunity cost - basically, you might be losing out on other valuable opportunities (to gain job experience, make money, or both) because you're spending these four years in school and out of the work force. A college education is definitely valuable to many employers, and it's correlated with higher earnings later on in life (I'll talk more about this soon). Butbuilding work experience in a particular field, in addition to building wealth, is also valuable - giving up on those opportunities is an investment (or a sacrifice) that you make in order to get a degree. Effort It’s easy to sleep in and skip classes once you have the freedom and independence of a college student. But you’re already investing time and money into your education, so it’s important to make the most of it while you’re there. Buildinga strongeducational background and making professional and personal connections (important benefits of getting a degree) doesn’t just happen - it takes work, and it can sometimes be stressful. It also may involve doing things you don't necessarily want to do, like taking required courses or completinguninteresting assignments. It's important to honestly consider these challenges (and whether you're up to them) before committing yourself to school, especially if it comes with a hefty price tag. What You Get in Return: The Benefits of College You might be feeling a bit iffy about pursuing a degree at this point, but don't stop reading just yet. There are so many potential benefits that come with a college education. The major benefits I see that come with a BA degree (although there canbe many more) are increased employment opportunities, higher income, networking opportunities, personal development, and learning experiences. Employment Opportunities Colleges and universities are recruiting hubs for many industries. When you study at a college or university, especially one that's well ranked, there are often opportunities tomeet with corporate employers who come directly to your school to hirestudents. There are alsointernship opportunities during summers for that could lead directly to full-time employment post-graduation. Employment opportunities offered through colleges and universities extend beyond the corporate world and into academia and professional fields.Any profession that requires a graduate degree (e.g. law, medicine, sometimes business) or is centered around research (basically any job in academia)requires a BA degree first and foremost. Higher Income On average, people with college degrees make more than people without college degrees. Even though you may sacrifice income opportunities in the short term by seeking a degree, you’ll likely end up making more in the long run. This is especially true for people who go into STEMfields. Employers may also assume you’re better qualified for higher-paying jobs if you have a degree. Some jobs may require a BA even if your degree isn’t related to what you’d be doing on the job. Networking Opportunities In a college or university setting, you’ll builda network of friends, but you’ll also developa network of acquaintances, instructors, staff, and alumni. With these networks, it’s a lot easier to get personal and professional help. These connections can serve youin many different ways, especially after you graduate. Here are some ways that a college or university network may come in handy: You move to a new city and need to find a roommate. You’re exploring a career change and want to chat with someone in a particular field. You need some professional guidance or a letter of reference. You’re looking for a new job. Harvard Business School estimates that 65-85% of jobs are obtained through networking- if nothing else, it's a huge help when it comes to getting your foot in the door. You don't even have to know very many people personally to benefit from a college or university network - alumni networks are a great example of this. Personal Development This benefit is a bit more subjective than some of the other ones I've mentioned so far, but I think it's just as important. People's experiences will definitely vary based on where they go to school andthe extent to which they participate in student life - in general, though, here are the ways you can expect to grow and develop on a personal level with a college education: Get exposure to diverse people and ideas. Meeting people with different backgrounds and perspectives results in greater open-mindedness and a more flexible worldview. One study showed that when people have BA degrees, they're more likely to believe that it'sâ€Å"very important to try to understand the reasoning behind others’ opinions." Meet long-term friends. You, of course, don’t have to be at college to make good friends. What’s special about a college environment, though, is that you’re living and working with hundreds or even thousandsof people who are around your age, probably for the first and only time in your life. It’s sometimes more difficult to make friends as you get older - a college is a prettygolden opportunity to meet people. Develop personal and professional interests. Manystudents head off to school with no idea what they want to do with their lives. College gives you a chance to try out different fields, especially if you attend a school with a flexible curriculum. Education Many schools(especially liberal arts colleges and universities) work to produce global citizens: well-rounded students who can be thoughtful and active participants in an increasingly globalized society. You can, of course, learn about things on your own, but college is really an ideal environment to do this - you have a structured learning environment, you're surrounded by intellectually curious peers, and you have access to experts in many fields. There’s a lot to learn out there besides what you’ve studied in high school, andcolleges offer courses on topics that you wouldn’t otherwise have access to. For example, you might want to explore world languages, niche humanities subjects, or specific and advanced STEM fields - all things that are difficult to study outside of a college campus. The thing I see as the biggest educational benefit to attending college is the access to professors, people who have dedicated their lives to research and teaching in a very specific field. Access to these faculty members is especially helpful for students who are considering an advanced degree. When College May Not Be Worth It If you have any desire to go to college, I strongly encourage you to consider it. Overall, I believe that a college degree comes with more benefits than drawbacks. Of course, there will be many exceptionsand individual differences - here, I'll go over some situations where getting a college degree may not be worth it. It's OK(important, even) to consider whether college makes sense for you, even if you've always assumed that you would go to college no matter what. If a DegreeWon't Lead to Professional Success College offers a lot of professional, personal, and intellectual benefits. Even if you’re not sure what you want to do after college, a degree will afford you some flexibility. But you don’t have to go to college in order to be successful - depending, of course, on what career options you’re considering (budding entrepreneurs, for example, may benefit more from real-world experience than from a college education). Some people argue that you can be just as successful with self-directed learning as you can be with a college degree. If you know you can graduate from high school and immediately start working towards your chosen career path, college might not be the best choice for you.Alternatively,if you’re interested in a career that requires trade or vocational school, it might be smarter to apply to those programs instead of applying to a four-year program. This way, you canwork toward building professional experienceearlier rather than later. If You Can't Afford It The total Cost of Attendance at private colleges can come to over $200,000. If you’re responsible for that entire cost and you’re not sure if you can recoup the investment post-graduation, a degree may not be worth it. If the expense is preventing you from looking into a college education, however, there are some options you should consider before making a decision: Not all schools charge $200,00 for a four-year degree. Many institutions are much less expensive (for example, public schools tend to offer subsidized tuition to state residents). There are many federal financial aid programs available for students attending almost any college or university in the US, and you only need to submit one (free) application. Learn more about the Pell Grant program and Perkins loans. If you're a high-achieving student, you might qualify for generous merit aid if you apply to particular schools. Learn more about colleges and universities that give great merit aid. If you think you might qualify for need-based financial aid, you can seek out schools that provide generous funding for lower-income students. Read more about schools with top need-based financial aidprograms. You can apply for scholarship awards, which are great sources of education funding for many students. Learn more about finding and winning local awards, and check outthe top scholarship programs for high school juniors and seniors. If money is the only thing holding you back from getting a degree, I urge you to check out these other funding options. You don’t have to be rich to go to college, and a degree doesn’t have to mean crippling expenses. To read more about paying for college, check out these guides: The four different kinds of financial aid How to pay for college: complete guide How to pay for college without your parents' help How to pay for college without loans If There Are Other ThingsYou Want to Do First (or If You're Unsure) College is a big commitment - if you want to pursue a degree full-time, you’ll be hitting the books for nine months out of the year. You may want to do other things with your time after you graduate from high school before heading off to college,like get professional experience, travel, or volunteer. The bottom line is that you can always postpone the college application process if you have other priorities or even if you want to take time to decide whether college is right for you. You don’t have to go to college right out of high school. Keep in mind that many schools allow you to defer acceptance. It might be easier to work through college applications when you have the support of a guidance counselor and when it's easy to ask teachers for letters of reference. Even if you decide to apply while you're in high school, it's possible to postpone attending the school of your choice for a year or two (or even forever, if you decide it's not right for you). Conclusion: Is College Worth It? Overall, college is a pretty good investment - many students who pursue a bachelor's degree end up reaping the benefits, whether they're financial, professional, or personal. But many others pursue a degree without spending some serious time thinking about whether it's a smart choice. You may feel thatyou should go to college if you want to be successful. AsI mentioned earlier in this post, there are many circumstances where a college degree doesn't exactly make professional, financial, or personal sense (at least not at this very moment). It's important that you know it's okay to postpone such a big decision if you remain unsure. If you do decide to take time to pursue an alternative path, remember that it's important to use your time wisely (else you're subject to the same types of opportunity costs that I mentioned earlier in the post). Building professional experience or engaging in self-directed learning are definitely not easy alternatives to a college education - they're just different. Whatever you decide to do - good luck! What's Next? One big part of the college application process is standardized testing. If you're researching whether college is a good choice for you, it may be helpful to learn more about whether these tests in any way predict future income.Some people even think that the ACT and the SAT have the power to predict success more broadly. If you're worried more about what the whole college application process will look like and you hope to plan around that, we've got you covered - check out our completetimeline for applying to college. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

International Accounting - Report of a major italian company Essay

International Accounting - Report of a major italian company - Essay Example But now that IAS 38 has been AGREED with finality to be the new compulsory accounting procedure, then we have to follow suit. According to the European Council of Finance Ministers, on December 13, 2001 â€Å" agreed to a general orientation on a proposed regulation that would require all EU listed companies, including banks and insurance companies, to prepare their consolidated financial statements using IAS. ECOFIN agreed that this requirement should go into effect in 2005 at the latest. However, companies that currently apply US GAAP as their primary financial reporting standards would not have to apply IAS until 2007. The 2007 extended deadline for companies using US GAAP was inserted at the request of the German government. EU Internal Market Commissioner Frits Bolkestein said: The International Accounting Standards Regulation will introduce a new era of transparency and put an end to the current Tower of Babel in financial reporting. It will help European firms to compete on equal terms when raising capital on world markets and allow investors and other stakeholders to compare companies performance against a common standard. However, I regret the Ministers decision to grant some big companies the right to apply US GAAP standards until 2007, two years after the Lisbon deadline for completing the Internal Market in financial services.† (http://www.iasplus.com/pastnews/2001dec.htm) Comment: The main purpose that all countries are â€Å"rushed† to apply these international accounting standards is to have a comment yardstick to compare one company in the European Union with another country selling the same products and services. If we call an item â€Å"goodwill† in England, then in the same situation in another far away place like Australia or United States, we can confidently call the same item bought as â€Å"goodwill†. Accounting is defined as â€Å"the language of business†.

MAPS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

MAPS - Essay Example The organisation secured a substantial new contract that can create 850 new jobs in the next two years but has to live up to the avowed standard of customer service. The company specializing in management services to businesses and the general public has a turnover of 40 million and employs a staff of 1400 (fifteen years ago the company employed 3500 people) in 4 divisions in different locations in the North East of England. The special techniques and management systems the company developed made it an attractive 'outsourcing' destination for business services from a broad customer base including engineering and construction industries. Increasing operational costs and the advent of information technology altered the business scenario and dwindled contracts. In order to ward off staff lay offs, the company opened its services to the general public. The services include the contract purchase of telecommunications time, gas, electricity and oil sold at a premium. However the business remained unprofitable and the company had to continually discharge staff in spite of many re-structuring activities. 2.1 MAPS' human resource management: Human resource development according to Armstrong (2003 523) is "concerned with the provision of learning, development and training opportunities in order to improve individual, team and organisational performance." One of the axioms of huma... Training employees to develop necessary skills Evaluating, motivating and rewarding performance Resolving or avoiding conflict situations Creating an atmosphere of security (psychological contract) and equitable opportunities A properly implemented human resource management system ensures attracting and retaining the right talent, motivating the workforce, developing workforce skills and resolving or avoiding conflict situations to achieve organisational goals cost effectively. Marchington et al. describe the best HRM practices as: Employment security and internal promotion Selective hiring and sophisticated selection Extensive training, learning and development Employee involvement and voice Self-managed teams/teamworking High compensation contingent or organisational performance Reduction of status differentials/harmonisation (2003 179) 2.2 Selection and recruitment: The absence of an HRM department at MAPS is stark. The company has no rational organisational structure. It has four divisions: operations, supporting services, (which lumps together finance and accounts, estates management like maintenance, security, porters and catering, internal information technology and personnel services), information technology services and marketing and sales. These divisions are located in different parts of the country making intra-divisional co-ordination very difficult. Each division has devised its own system for recruiting, negotiating pay structures and staffing. The largest and most important of the divisions viz., 'operations' employing a staff of 950 has the most ad hoc recruitment policies. Operational managers recruit staff either from within the organisation or without, based on the exigencies of work. The

The Open Source Challenge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Open Source Challenge - Essay Example American elite intelligent team uses OSINT as among the disciplines to combat security threats both at home and outside the country (FBI, 2014). For military officials to manage perfect air strikes and eliminate terrorism, they must have used intelligent Satellites to determine the terrorists’ locations. The intelligent team must have also used direct information from local residents. There is likelihood that the team used internet to acquire the correct photos and information of the targets. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). (2010). IN Tellingence: Open Source Intelligence. Retrieved September 15, 2014 from https://www.cia.gov/news-information/featured-story-archive/2010-featured-story-archive/open-source-intelligence.html The Federal Bureau of Investigation. (FBI). (2014). Directorate of Intelligence: Intelligence Collection Disciplines (INTs). Retrieved September 15, 2014 from

Soda tax in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Soda tax in the US - Essay Example Statistics show that more than one third or 35.7% of adults in the US are obese and suffer from obesity-related conditions such as diabetes and coronary diseases. Obesity prevalence varies across different states whereby, in 2002, all states had a prevalence of more than 20% with the prevalence ranging from 34.7% in Louisiana to 20.5% in Colorado. Furthermore, the federal’s annual medical expense of obesity as of 2008 was $ 147 billion dollars (CDC, 2013). Prompted by the rise in obesity in the country, different researchers have hypothesizes different causes and suggested solutions aimed at mitigating the harmful social and economic effects of obesity. The soda tax is one such suggestion; however, not all agree on the possible benefits likely to result from the taxation of soft drinks. Whether or not adopting the soda tax in the US proves sufficient in reducing the obesity rate in the country remains a controversial issue for those for and against the tax policy. Proponents for the tax base their argument on credible research findings, which indicate that taxing soft drinks reduces high caloric intake minimizing an individual’s probability of developing obesity. First introduced as an abstract idea by the Director of Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity (RCFPO) Kelly D. Brownell in 1994, the soda tax aimed to improve public health while simultaneously raise revenue in the US economy. Later studies done in Yale University by the RCFPO in 2011 indicated that a penny-per-ounce levy on soft drinks would function to reduce consumption by 13%, which resulted in the elimination of 8,000 calories from a regular, American’s diet annually.... inancial implication of obesity as a reason for taxing soft drinks, which many researchers have hypothesized as one of the leading causes of obesity in the US. Revenue generated from taxing soft drinks proves beneficial for the federal and state governments whereby, governmental officials can use the funds to offset financial deficits in the budget. A survey done by the U.S Department of Health and Human Services in 2012 indicated that taxing soft drinks would generate revenue of $ 14.9 billion dollars within the first fiscal year alone (Fletcher et al, 2010). Conversely, those against the tax policy sight poor lifestyle habits such as living a sedentary life and poor nutrition (high cholesterol diet) as major causes of obesity, which if not addressed would render taxing soft drinks inefficient in minimizing the obesity rate within the country. Research done by Fletcher and colleagues in 2009 aimed at examining the impact of fluctuating soda tax in different states on body mass index (BMI) revealed that soft drinks consumption accounted for 7% of total energy intake. They concluded that if taxed at the average taxation rate of tobacco (58%) the mean BMI of the US population would only decrease by 0.16 points reducing obesity in the population by 0.7% (Fletcher et al, 2010). This showed that soft drink taxes’ influence on BMI is minimal and does little to decrease obesity in the population. Furthermore, those against this policy are of the opinion that taxation of soft drinks does not limit their accessibility because many are willing to spend more money for their preferred luxury items such as soft drinks. In conclusion, it is apparent that both the public and the government stand to benefit from the soda tax. Taxing soft drinks generates revenue for the government,

Major Histocompatibility Complex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Major Histocompatibility Complex - Essay Example The role of immune responses and polymorphism brings about changes to parasitic responses and individuals master immune responses against pathogenic responses. In this discussion features of the major histocompatibility complex are highlighted and the mechanisms and functions of the immune system are also discussed in terms of pathogenic reactions and the role of the MHC. The importance of genetic diversity, selective pressure and polymorphism would also be discussed to suggest evolutionary changes, genetic diversity in the population and the influence of MHC on social behavior. A description of the MHC or Major Histocompatibility Complex could suggest that MHC is a gene cluster. The MH complex consists of four million base pairs of DNA and contains 128 genes as well as 96 pseudogenes (non-functional gene remnants). The MHC is thus a multigene family, has a large cluster of genes encoding key receptor molecules that aids in the binding of foreign peptides to immune cells and this in turn leads to a successful immune response (Klein, 1986). The vertebrate immune system has the MHC as its core and it is a multigene family encoding receptor molecules that binds and recognizes foreign peptides for immune responses and immune cells. ... ent them to immune cells and trigger a sort of immune response and foreign proteins enter cells by infection, phagocytosis in antigen presenting cells and macrophages. Foreign proteins are comprised of small peptides and presented in MHC molecules and these proteins are transported to the cell surface and T cell population. When the peptide binds the T cells, immune responses are triggered (Klein, 1986). The MHC is the most important genetic cluster within a mammalian immune system and the immune system is described in terms of the Major Histocompatibility Complex. The MHC is composed of cell surface glycoproteins and binds antigens from pathogens to T lymphocytes and this helps in triggering the appropriate immune response to attack of parasites in the body. Some MHC genes may produce a diversity of antigens in a population and individuals posses a unique bunch of genes and the MHC represent the immune system and immune responses quite directly so the genetic effects of population fragmentation are studied. Certain MHC genes evolve in response to selective pressure from pathogens and tend to affect the social behavior of animals as well. Some of the issues that will be discussed here would relate to the nature of MHC, the underlying structural and functional attributes, the early history of MHC, the class I, II, and III and variations or differentiation within manifestation of MHC so that evolutionary processes and mechanisms of parasitic reactions, adaptation and selection could be explained. The MHC has been characterized at the molecular level for many years and the population diversity of MHC molecules is quite large as for some MHC loci, over 100 different alleles have been identified (Parham and Ohta 1996). For polymorphism in MHC, the importance of mutation,

Two Page Summary on Chapter 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Two Page Summary on Chapter 3 - Essay Example In the chapter, What can I contribute? Drucker focuses on contributions and results. An executive sometimes gets bogged down and distracted by unnecessary things like office politics, the future of the company, his own personal growth, etc. This will make him unproductive. Instead he should ask himself â€Å"What can I contribute†. Drucker (2006) feels that to ask this question â€Å"is to look for the unused potential in the job†. He is of the view that, â€Å"The focus on contribution turns the executive’s attention away from his own specialty, his own narrow skills, his own department, and toward the performance of the whole.† Further he discusses the four basis requirements necessary for effective human relations which in turn are absolutely necessary for effective contribution. The four requirements are: "What can I contribute that will significantly affect the performance and the results of the institution I serve?" This question, which Drucker thinks, an effective executive must ask, forms the basis of Drucker’s views on an executive’s contribution to his organization. Here, by contribution, Drucker means what one can do better than anyone else to make a difference. An executive’s goal must be to make a difference and be effective. It is not about doing well in what you have specialized or your specialized area of wok. It is about achieving excellence in other areas as well. An expert in one field has to learn and know about other fields, other people’s perceptions, needs and limitations and use this knowledge to be effective in his work. For an organization contribution may mean different things. But for Drucker it means â€Å"performance in three major areas: direct results, building of values and their reaffirmation; and building and developing people for tomorrow.† A person who wants to contribute must ask

Major Histocompatibility Complex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Major Histocompatibility Complex - Essay Example The role of immune responses and polymorphism brings about changes to parasitic responses and individuals master immune responses against pathogenic responses. In this discussion features of the major histocompatibility complex are highlighted and the mechanisms and functions of the immune system are also discussed in terms of pathogenic reactions and the role of the MHC. The importance of genetic diversity, selective pressure and polymorphism would also be discussed to suggest evolutionary changes, genetic diversity in the population and the influence of MHC on social behavior. A description of the MHC or Major Histocompatibility Complex could suggest that MHC is a gene cluster. The MH complex consists of four million base pairs of DNA and contains 128 genes as well as 96 pseudogenes (non-functional gene remnants). The MHC is thus a multigene family, has a large cluster of genes encoding key receptor molecules that aids in the binding of foreign peptides to immune cells and this in turn leads to a successful immune response (Klein, 1986). The vertebrate immune system has the MHC as its core and it is a multigene family encoding receptor molecules that binds and recognizes foreign peptides for immune responses and immune cells. ... ent them to immune cells and trigger a sort of immune response and foreign proteins enter cells by infection, phagocytosis in antigen presenting cells and macrophages. Foreign proteins are comprised of small peptides and presented in MHC molecules and these proteins are transported to the cell surface and T cell population. When the peptide binds the T cells, immune responses are triggered (Klein, 1986). The MHC is the most important genetic cluster within a mammalian immune system and the immune system is described in terms of the Major Histocompatibility Complex. The MHC is composed of cell surface glycoproteins and binds antigens from pathogens to T lymphocytes and this helps in triggering the appropriate immune response to attack of parasites in the body. Some MHC genes may produce a diversity of antigens in a population and individuals posses a unique bunch of genes and the MHC represent the immune system and immune responses quite directly so the genetic effects of population fragmentation are studied. Certain MHC genes evolve in response to selective pressure from pathogens and tend to affect the social behavior of animals as well. Some of the issues that will be discussed here would relate to the nature of MHC, the underlying structural and functional attributes, the early history of MHC, the class I, II, and III and variations or differentiation within manifestation of MHC so that evolutionary processes and mechanisms of parasitic reactions, adaptation and selection could be explained. The MHC has been characterized at the molecular level for many years and the population diversity of MHC molecules is quite large as for some MHC loci, over 100 different alleles have been identified (Parham and Ohta 1996). For polymorphism in MHC, the importance of mutation,

Teamwork in CommuniCo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Teamwork in CommuniCo - Essay Example The choice of the use of these studies is due to the  diversity  in dealing with  team  components. Katzenbach and Smiths (1999, p. 13) study mainly deals with the establishment of the members as one single unit, while Belbins study mainly deals with dealing on improving the performance of the individuals within the team. Individuals  develop  on their own towards the makeup of the whole team’s improvement in performance and achievement of goals. The two studies both lead to the effective improvement in performance within the team. I  aim  at proving them through a combination of the two techniques. This would lead to the best team  improvement  method  both in performance and achievement. This would create a  state  where the  technique  is improving the state of the individuals within the team each as a, separate,  independent person. This brings out their abilities while, at the same time, it brings about a  way  in which the  team  i mproves as a whole. This is in terms of their strengths and abilities as a team working together towards that goal. Katzenbach and Smith (1999: p. 32) define team work as the performance of an action by a team towards the achievement of a common purpose. A team comprises of more than one person of whom each ideally holds different responsibilities in the performance of the action. ... The use of  team  work has various advantages to firms such as, the quick completion of tasks or problems. Here, challenges get exposed to a wide  variety  of knowledge. Morale and ownership among the different individuals in different tasks boosts through participative decision making and, as a result,  effective  results got from this. According to Belbin a  team  refers to a group of individuals, in which each has a role understood by other partners. The different individuals in a team  locate  various positions within the team and perform exceptionally effectively in those that are  natural  or that are common (Herbert, 1994: p. 13). He  further  defined as the  term  team  role  as the  tendency  to  contribute, interrelate and  treat  with others in a way. He mentions nine such  team  roles that underlie team success. Belbins team roles implies in the identification of different people’s behavioral strengths and weaknesse s in the performance of  certain  tasks in the achievement of  certain  goals. Such identification of these strengths and weaknesses is useful in the aid recruitment process, mutual trust and understanding, to build  productive  working relationships and the selection and development of high performing teams. It is these nine roles that Belbin establishes as the best modes of improving  team  work within firms and organizations. This ensures the achievement of set goals in the best  mode  possible. According to Katzenbach and Smith (1999)  study  on teamwork focuses on various aspects such as the sense of purpose within the team members.  There should be a deeper sense of purpose for the achievement of the desired results. This implies that all members feel individual responsible and

The Telangana Rebellion Essay Example for Free

The Telangana Rebellion Essay The Telangana Rebellion was a  peasant revolt  which was later supported by the  Communists. It took place in the former  princely state  of Hyderabad between 1946 and 1951. This was led by the  Communist Party of India. [5] The revolt began in the  Nalgonda district  and quickly spread to the  Warangal  and  Bidar  districts. Peasant farmers and labourers revolted against the local  feudal  landlords (jagirdars  and  deshmukhs) and later against the  Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII. The initial aims were to do away with illegal and excessive exploitation meted out by these feudal lords in the name of  bonded labour  (Vetti Chakiri). The most strident demand was for all debts of the peasants to be written off. [6][7] Among the well-known individuals at the forefront of the movement were leaders like  Anabheri Prabhakar Rao, Bathini Mogilaiah Goud,  Doddi Komraiah,  Bandi Yadagiri,  Suddala Hanumanthu,  Acharya Konda Lakshman Bapuji,  Chakalli Iylamma,Komaram Bheem,  Puchalapalli Sundaraiah,  Makineni Basavapunaiah,  Chandra Rajeswara Rao,  Raavi Narayana Reddy, Bommagani Dharma Biksham,Arjula Ramana Reddy, the  Urdu  poet  Makhdoom Mohiuddin,  Hassan Nasir,  Bhimreddy Narasimha Reddy,  Mallu Venkata Narasimha Reddy,  Mallu Swarajyam,  Arutla Ramchandra Reddy  and his wife  Arutla Kamala Bai. The violent phase of the movement ended after the central government sent in the army. Starting in 1951, the CPI shifted to a more moderate strategy of seeking to bring communism to India within the constraints of Indian democracy. [10] In 1937,  Time magazine  said  Hyderabad state  was the richest native state in India. Budget allocations to Telangana are generally less than 1/3 of the total Andhra Pradesh budget. There are allegations that in most years, funds allocated to Telangana were never spent. Telangana JAC leaders say that only 20% of the total Government employees, less than 10% of employees in the secretariat, and less than 5% of department heads in the Andhra Pradesh government are from Telangana.None of these allegations were proved wrong by the  Sri Krishna Committee  due to lack of data, and its choice to compare regions. Proponents of a separate Telangana state feel that the agreements, plans, and assurances from the legislature and Lok Sabha over the last fifty years have not been honoured, and as a consequence Telangana has remained neglected, exploited, and backward. They feel that separation is the best solution. Srikrishna Committee report The Srikrishna committee on Telangana submitted its report in two volumes to the Home Ministry of India on 30 December 2010. In an all-party meeting on 6 January 2011, the Home ministry made the 505-page Srikrishna committee report public. Section 9-3 (page 440) of the report[69]discusses six solutions. The Committee announced that they were recommending keeping the State united, and advised constitutional and statutory measures for socio-economic development and political empowerment of Telangana region through the creation of a statutorily-empowered Telangana Regional Council. Telangana leaders say the best option from the Sri Krishna committee report is the formation of separate Telangana state with Hyderabad as its capital. They plan to pressure the Central government to zero in on this option as the only workable one. The MP also lashed out at Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) President K Chandrasekhar Rao, and alleged that KCR was misusing the Telangana sentiment to get all prominent posts for his family members and people belonging to the upper caste. In the name of Telangana, KCR and his family members joined the Congress party and occupied all posts without giving a chance to weaker sections, The  2G spectrum scam  involved officials in the government of India illegally undercharging  mobile telephony  companies for  frequency allocation  licenses, which they would use to create  2G  subscriptions for  cell phones. According to a report submitted by the  Comptroller and Auditor Generalbased on money collected from  2G  licenses, the loss to the exchequer was  176,379  crore  (US$38. 27 billion). The issuing of the 2G licenses occurred in 2008, but the scam came to public notice when the  Indian Income Tax Department  investigated political lobbyist  Niira Radia  and the  Supreme Court of India  took  Subramaniam Swamys complaints on record ? 2G licenses issued to private telecom players at throwaway prices in 2008 ? CAG: Spectrum scam has cost the government  Rs. 1. 76 lakh crore ? CAG: Rules and procedures flouted while issuing licenses CHEAP TELECOM LICENSES *   Entry fee for spectrum licenses in 2008 pegged at 2001 prices *   Mobile subscriber base had shot up to 350 million in 2008 from 4 million in 2001 NO PROCEDURES FOLLOWED * Rules changed after the game had begun * Cut-off date for applications advanced by a week * Licenses issued on a first-come-first-served basis * No proper auction process followed, no bids invited Raja ignored advice of TRAI, Law Ministry, Finance Ministry * TRAI had recommended auctioning of spectrum at market rates Politicians involved * A. Raja, the Ex-Minister of Communications and Information Technology  who was the minister when the controversial second round of spectrum allocations took place. Mr. Raja, an MP of the  Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam  from the  Nilgiris  constituency, was forced to resign following the public outcry. * Arun Shourie, th e minister for Telecom during 2003 in the previous BJP regime. It was Arun Shourie who introduced the controversial technology neutral Unified Access(both Basic amp; Celluler) Services License, which allowed fixed line operators who had paid much lower license fees to offer mobile phone services, at first in the limited WLL mode (Wireless local loop) and later, following an out of court settlement between mobile operators and the BJP govt, full mobility. This gave an advantage to players like Reliance and Tata Teleservices who managed to get mobile spectrum without paying the hefty fees that earlier operators like  BPL Mobile  had paid. Pramod Mahajan, the minister for Telecom between 1999 and 2003. Mr. Mahajan was the minister when the BJP Government took the controversial decision to shift from a license fee based regime to a revenue sharing model which was roundly condemned both by political parties and by economic experts. [4]  The  Comptroller and Auditor General  also filed adverse reports citing a loss of over  64,000  crore  (US$13. 89 billion)  caused by this decision. The crux of  A. Rajas defence is that he was following a policy of 2G allocations put in place by the BJP and it ould be unfair to levy prices based on 3G spectrum to 2G licenses. Pramod Mahajan, who was seen to be friendly with various corporate houses, had been brought in to replace  Jagmohan  as Telecom minister just days before the decision was announced. The houses and offices of the bureaucrat were recently raided by the  Central Bureau of Investigation  as part of their investigations. R K Chandolia, private secretary of Raja during UPA-I when the licences were awarded. He was an  Indian Economic Service  officer of the 1984 batch cadre. When Raja became the Telecom Minister once again in UPA-II, Chandolia had been promoted to the Joint Secretary rank. Raja re-designated him Economic Adviser, that gave him the charge of all important policy-related work. Chandolia interacted with all the licensees. It is said that it was Chandolia who, from DDG-access services A K Srivastavas room, had handed out letters of intent to representatives of various companies. [8] The Central Bureau of Investigation on Tuesday night arrested Dynamix Balwas group managing director Shahid Usman Balwa in connection with the 2G spectrum allocation scam. Season 3 was under the leadership of Lalit Modi , however Season 4 is going to be under the leadership of Chirayu Amin. He has already promised a bigger and better IPL and has promised to run it in a transparent manner. This year there was a lot of allegation of match fixing . BCCI and its pet Indian Premier League came under Income Tax raids. IPL Season 4 is going to have 10 teams , 74 matches and 45 days of action. No player can play more than 14 matches . This rule is laid to prevent player burnout. Sony / World Sport Group has won the rights for 10 years at Rs 8,700 crore (US$ 1. 94 billion) For IPL 4 , BCCI has asked MSM to pay Rs. 190 crores extra. This extra amount is to compensate for the increase in number of matches. The extra money will be paid for the 14 matches in a pro rate basis. Mahela Jayawardene  has been appointed captain of the new IPL  franchise  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Kochi. The 33-year-old former Sri Lankan captain was purchased by the Team Kochi for a whopping $1. 5 million at the player auction last month. Until last year for the previous 3 seasons of IndianPremier  League, he was part of the Kings XI Punjab  franchise. The  2010 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the  XIX  Commonwealth Games, were held in  Delhi,  India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. A total of 6,081 athletes from 71  Commonwealth nations and dependencies  competed in 21 sports and 272 events. It was the largest international  multi-sport event  to be staged in Delhi and India, eclipsing the  Asian Games  in  1951  and  1982. The  opening  and closing ceremonies were held at the  Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event. It was the first time that the Commonwealth Games were held in India and the second time it was held in Asia after  Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia  in  1998. The official mascot of the Games was  Shera  and the official song of the Games, Jiyo Utho Bado Jeeto, was composed by celebrated Indian  musician  A.R. Rahman. Initially,  several concerns and controversies  surfaced before the start of the Games. Despite these concerns, all member nations of the  Commonwealth of Nations  participated in the event, except  Fiji, which is suspended from the Commonwealth, andTokelau, which didnt send a team. A widely-praised  opening ceremony  helped improve the image of the Games. [2][3]  The concerns raised during the buildup to the Games proved largely unfounded as most events progressed smoothly. The final  medal tally  was led by  Australia. The host nation India gave its  strongest performance yet  to emerge second, while  England  placed third. The day after the conclusion of the Games, the Indian Government announced the formation of a special investigation committee to probe the allegations of corruption and mismanagement that had marred the buildup to the Games. [4][5] India  won 101 medals in total, including 38 Gold medals, enabling it to finish the Games at second position behind  Australia  and just ahead of  England. For the first time in the history of the Games India won over 100 medals in total.

Analysing Of The Riba Work Stages

Analysing Of The Riba Work Stages On each of the initial work stages of a project the architect is involved in many ways and uses many skills. Before the architect begins any work they must be appointed under the RIBA concise conditions agreement or SW 99. The following is a brief outline of what an architect does in a RIBA standard agreement between architect and client. The first two RIBA work stages come under term Preparation in the RIBA, Outline Plan of Work 2007. The first stage is stage A, Appraisal; this mainly involves establishing the needs of the client. Three main tasks are carried out. Throughout the initial stages of the project constant communication between the architect and client takes place. Firstly, the architect must carry out studies to determine the feasibility of the Clients requirements. The architect may also review the alternative design and construction approaches and the cost implications of each with the client. At this stage the architect may also provide information for reports on the cost implications. During stage B (Design Brief) the initial Statement of Requirements is developed into the Design Brief. Although this is the responsibility of the client the architect often contributes to its development additionally. Stages C, D and E come under the heading Design. This begins with Stage C (Concept), where the architect would usually be required to prepare outline proposals for things, such as, the building structure and building services. The architects also develop concept designs for project. Throughout this stage the architect will be leasing with other members of the team, such as, engineers, quantity surveyors and planning supervisors. This communication helps the architect to provide the client with information on approximate construction costs and cost planning which must then be assessed by the client in the stage report. Stage D (Design Development) involves the completion of the project brief and the further development of the concept designs. At this stage a cost estimate, or information for a cost estimate, must be provided and the architect will be working closely with statutory planning authorities, for instance, local planning departments. The architect must also prepare a detailed planning application, including drawings and an Access and Design Statement. At the end of stage D the architect must obtain signed approval by the client of a stage D report (this is broadly outlined in Task 3). The Shirebrook Academy has just seen the completion of this stage and has now been submitted to planning. b) Involvement by the architectural technologist in the science and technology of the building, rather than the creative and artistic side, is the main difference between the work of the architect and the architectural technologist. Many of the tasks undertaken overlap with the work of the architect and a strong collaboration exists. For example, when working on stages C and D both architect and architectural technologist may work together on developing the project brief and design programme, each contributing specific skills to the project. The architectural technologist may contribute by evaluating and advising upon environmental strategies and material specification, while the architect may work on spatial relationships and movement path diagrams. c) CIAT is a non-profit organization which aims to further the profession and the interests of people working within it. Being a member of CIAT gives many benefits. Firstly, CIAT is the only professional and chartered body that represents architectural technologists and technicians. The different grades of membership/qualification represent a persons competence in an area and this is recognised across the industry. As a student the main benefits of membership may be though the prospect of increased career opportunities. Potential employers recognise the body and that you have a professional attitude and commitment to developing. Membership also brings more direct benefits to a student, such as the vast access to current up to date information on policies and practices. This is available digitally online or though seminars and lectures. For instance, if up to date information on a certain material is needed for the Shirebrook school project, being a member of CIAT would give access to information sheets and technical guidance on the material. Being a member also provides the opportunity to network with other members allowing knowledge to be shared. Other benefits of membership include several free gifts and discounts. Members get free subscriptions to the Building Products magazine and discounts on other magazines and books, such as, the Architects Journal and books at the RIBA bookshop. Membership allows you to apply for scholarships and awards run by the body, in particular the Student Award for Technical Excellence in Architectural Technology, which again helps to show your ability to employers. Finally, as a member free professional indemnity insurance and legal support are available to you if needed. Few reasons for not joining CIAT exist so I would strongly advise you to join. The only perceivable drawback is the membership fee, although as a student this would not apply to you. Task 3 a) There are many reasons why the design team have chosen to procure much of the Shirebrook project off-site. Several drivers for change have made prefabrication the best choice. The political driver for off-site construction can be traced back to two documents published in1994 and 1998: Constructing the Team by Sir Michael Latham and Rethinking Construction by Sir John Egan. These reports were designed to drive the industry forward. The Latham report suggested partnering (between suppliers and clients) and both reports suggest that prefabrication can offer greater on-site quality and efficiency and less time spent on site. Other driving forces towards off-site construction are the shortage of skilled onsite workers and more rigorous building regulations being put in place. Using off-site construction techniques can also has a more direct impact on the project in terms of cost savings and quality improvements. Firstly, costs can be cut due to the several factors. The nature of off-site construction means than building can be erected quickly on site. This means that skilled workers spend less time on site, so do not need to be paid for long time periods. Secondly, off-site construction can lead to less wastage of materials because more components can be ordered and cut to size, thus, reducing cost of materials as well as the embodied carbon in the building. Spending less time on site also means that the risk of accidents occurring is reduced. Quality and performance of the construction can be improved greatly as manufacturing components in factories means that they can be precision machined to high levels of accuracy within a controlled climate. Consequently, less of the construction process is subject to the risks associated with adverse weather which can lead to less defects and a greater quality finished product. With the use of off-site prefabrication the building regulations for such things as thermal and acoustic performance can be met more easily; a good example of this is SIPs panels. In conclusion, both the Latham and Egan reports suggest off-site manufacture and the associated benefits of cost-effectiveness, safety and speed are the main reasons why the Shirebrook School is being procured in this way. Also, the current government BSF (Building Schools for the Future) initiative aims to replace or rebuild all secondary schools in England by 2020; this means that projects need to follow fast routs of procurement. The Shirebrook School will hopefully reach completion on time (aim for doors open to students in Sept 2010). This will be made more achievable through the use of off-site construction and prefabrication methods. b) The main drawbacks of off-site construction involve transport and logistics: with transport being one area where prefabricated buildings are frequently criticised. Large units need to be transported usually by road this means more fuel is used contributing to greater emissions. The use and size of prefabricated components is also limited by the condition of the site transport and access. The maximum width for an unaccompanied load in the UK is 2.9 m (this can be increased to 4.3 m with a police escort). BRE output 209291 Another drawback of off-site construction may be the longer lead in time for design and manufacture which may be required as a consequence of the involvement of additional parties. Effective coordination of component manufacture lines is required. If one component is late then there is a knock on effect on the whole construction time. Also, on conventional sites substituting a product is not usually a problems, whereas, substituting or changing materials and products during the design of a building procured off-site may create problems in the factory. Some aesthetic limitations do exist especially in modular off-site construction techniques, however, in my opinion the benefits of off-site construction far outweigh the drawbacks. Task 4 a) The main reason for work stage reports are because they provide an effective means of managing the project and maintaining control of the project. At the end of each of the RIBA work stage a reports is submitted to the client. Work stage reports combine information from different groups into one document. This allows the client to monitor the performance and progress of the entire project on a regular basis. After each stage the client can then give approval so that the project can continue to the next stage: usually by signing off the work stage report, particularly at stages D and E. The initial work stage reports help by stating clear objectives of the project. Work stage reports can be used to identify changes to the project or project brief and allow subsequent changes and action to be taken. They allow clients to see things such as the resources and finance required to complete the project. For example at the end of each stage reports on costs can be analysed by the client to check the project remains viable and affordable. The report ensures that the design meets the needs of the client. The work stage system allows progression of the project. After each stage a new set of objectives or instructions can be laid out by the client for the following stage if required. Work stage reports may also be useful as they can be used to fulfil legal and authoritative obligations. For example, they can be used in the event of legal problems to show that proper procedures have been followed at each stage. Reports also ensure that safety procedures are followed and recorded and ensure that projects meet the required safety standards and requirements. In addition, work stage reports provide a comprehensive documentation of the construction process from start to finish. A work stage report at the end of stage D can be used to help obtain planning permission by submission to the relevant planning board. At the conclusion of Stage D, the satisfied client must sign off the Design and the Project Brief. After stage D any changes made by the client will mean additional expenses. b) Contents of Stage D report: The following Stage D report outline contents page shows outputs associated with the Architects office. The report would usually also contain information from structural, electrical, environmental and mechanical engineers (depending on the design). 1. Finalised Project Brief developed from the Strategic Brief 2. Detailed Proposals Design intentions Site layout Planning and spatial arrangements Build and construction information Environmental systems information 2.6 Environmental impact assessment Schedule of Accommodation, showing areas, gross areas and percentages Outline Specifications Risk Assessment 6. Full Planning application, application for listed building consent or application for conservation area consent, including: 6.1. Prototypes mock-ups and model images, in context with site 6.2. Development proposals (drawings at 1:200 for Comprehensive Design Project) 6.3 Design and Access Statement 6.4 Developments and changes to existing buildings 7. A full set of project drawings. (The scope of which is shown below). 8. Cost information Projected cost estimate An elemental cost plan Firm cost plan c) Accompanying drawing for stage D (all scales will depend on the nature and size of the project) Flow diagrams showing layouts and relationships. (Varying scales depending on nature of drawing up to around 1:50) Site plan, showing hard and soft landscaping (1:500 for Shirebrook School Development) All building floor plans in context with the surrounding landscape and buildings. (Scale 1:200 for Shirebrook School Development). All key elevations in context with the surrounding landscape and buildings. (Scale 1:200 for Shirebrook School Development). Key Sections, annotated and showing materials and integration of services and systems (1:200 and 1:100 for Shirebrook School Development but up to 1:50 depending on nature of the drawing)

The Machine Gun Essay -- Weapon, Volley Guns, Gatlings Gun

No other weapon in my opinion has changed the face of the battlefield as has the machine gun. It's design and and association with mass death makes it a great and powerful weapon. Two men, Hiram Maxim and Richard Gatling, made huge impacts in the development of the Machine Gun and bringing it to use in the military. These two brilliant men designed capable and reliable versions of Machine guns in a time when everyone was making unreliable models. However before we get into discussion about the inventions of Hiram Maxim and Richard Gatling, it's important to understand how machine guns were developed. â€Å"Volley Guns† (Chivers, 2010, p.26) or also known as â€Å"Organ Guns† (Ellis, 1975, p.10) were first attempts at increasing firepower by adding several barrels at the firing itself, rather than simply attempting to increase the rate of fire. â€Å"Gunsmiths had long ago learned to place barrels side by side on frames to create firearms capable of discharging projectiles in rapid succession. These unwieldy devices, or volley guns, were capable in theory of blasting a hole in a line of advancing soldiers† (Chivers, 2010, p.26). An example of such weapons can be seen on July 28, 1835 when Giuseppe Fieshi unleashed terror on King Louis-Phillipe in Paris, France. He fired his 25 barrel â€Å"volley gun†, killing 18 of the king's entourage and grazing the King's skull. The weapon was ineffective however. Four of the barrels failed and another four ruptured. Two other barrels had exploded inside, grievously wounding Giuseppe. (Chivers, 2010, p. 27) These kinds of weapons were impractical for military use, but attracted many people to the arms race for weapons that could sweep the battlefield. â€Å"They had limitations in practice, among them slow re... ...rounds per minute, all with just the pull of the trigger. The recoil operation was a milestone in machine gun development. Warfare had truly changed. â€Å"Point a machine, and killing men was like killing bugs† (Chivers, 2010, p.85). It used new forms of cartridges which were placed on a belt that was automatically fed into the gun via the recoil operation. By World War I, most countries involved had used the Maxim Machine gun. Russia, Britain, Germany, Austria, Italy, and Switzerland bought Maxim machine guns. Russia and Germany each had about 16,000 Maxim guns. The United States however remained true to the Gatling (Chivers, 2010, p.90). They were either not yet interested in the Maxim or could not due to the fact it was still under orders to purchase American-made arms. Machine guns had made their mark, and their deadly force was becoming even more apparent.

Cmt Communications Essay

The success of any organization is determined by managers being able to plan, set goals, and make decisions. Decision making is the primary function of management and this task should not be taken lightly. Decisions are made to achieve goals and tie them to company actions and outcomes. According to Peter Drucker, â€Å"Whatever a manager does, he does through decision-making.† When making a decision, managers must take all alternatives into consideration and although one may not have all the answers, a manager must be able to move forward, sometimes immediately, in order to be successful and effective in their decision making process. According to Trewatha & Newport, â€Å"Decision-making involves the selection of a course of action from among two or more possible alternatives in order to arrive at a solution for a given problem.† This is a continuous process that requires managers to have specific knowledge, skills and intellectual abilities. Some managers find this t ask challenging as seen in the case of CMT Telecommunications. In the case of CMT Telecommunications, Manager Dave has been selected to take charge temporarily while his boss is on vacation. His issue is that he has to make a decision to select and assign one of two key managers to take the lead of a new project which entails developing a new CD-ROM self-study course for new software. One manager has extensive experience on the technical side of the house and is in charge of the technical publications department. This manager is skilled in developing detailed manuals on how to use the company’s equipment and software. The other manager oversees the software training department. He is especially skilled in designing training courses that effectively communicate the technical information from the publications department’s manuals. He is known for his excellent presentation skills and for the information being customer friendly and easy to follow. This decision is difficult for Dave because he is friends with both managers but also knows that his decision will reflect his managerial competencies which in the long run can affect his opportunities for advancement. There are three models that decision making fall under: Classical, which is based on rational assumptions and managers beliefs; Administrative Model, which is based on human and environmental limitations and is known to be the most effective model; and the Political Model, which allows collaboration amongst and between managers to facilitate the decision making process when there is uncertainty (Daft, 2013). In this case, the political decision making model is evident in the uncertainty of his ability to make a quick decision. This can be due to his diverse interests in both of the manager’s abilities and past experiences. This is a non-programmed type of decision that Dave needs to make in that it is unique. This is a new project that no one has experienced in the company, let alone Dave as a new project manager having to take the lead and make a difficult decision. There are consequences will play an important role for him personally and professionally. Another aspect of the political model is that Dave realizes he has to get both managers to talk to one another and form a coalition however he fears that this may not be possible given that both managers declared openly that the other department lacked the skills needed to ensure project success. Because both managers are highly skilled and each have a powerful team of employees that can assist with the details and tasks required to ensure the success of the project, they need to be able to work together and form an alliance. By using the political decision making model a manager would engage his team to collaborate and share their diverse ideas, interests and skills, while understanding there are conflicting goals and inconsistent viewpoints. The team would work together towards strategically developing specific goals and in this case, each group could take a certain area of the project to work on then bring them together in hopes to acquire a successful cohesive project outcome. The work of Herbert A. Simon proposes that the two concepts: bounded rationality and satisficing are instruments that shape the administrative model of decision making. Satisficing is when managers choose the first alternative that satisfies the minimum criteria of the decision. Bounded rationality is the concept that managers have to be rational when making decisions based on the amount of time and ability to process all of the information needed to make the decision (Daft, 2013). In the case of David, he does have to make a quick decision mostly because the equipment that needs to be purchased for the project has to be placed immediately. Although Dave understands the differences in opinions from both managers, he has to consider his alternatives in a timely fashion for long-term benefits. He also does not come with much project management experience so his ability to make these types of decisions is limited. As Dave, my plan of action would include the following: * Follow the six steps in the Managerial Decision-Making Process * Discuss project plans with each manager, gather their ideas and perspectives * Brainstorm ideas and develop alternatives that meet both managers needs and that allows for collaboration but at the same time allow for some constructive debate * Use the analytical style of decision making first while considering all the alternatives however switch to the directive style when ready to make the decision * Use intuition and trust in my experience, background, and skills * Take a risk in making the best decision possible without being influenced by emotions or friendships built with the other managers, without thinking too much on past decisions and doubts of my decision making capabilities, have some self-efficacy, and think outside of the box to gather the best ideas and develop strategies to move the project planning phase forward. Every problem can be solved differently depending on the manager, their personality, past experience, education, upbringings, but most importantly their intuition and the risk taking abilities they bring. When making decisions, managers must consider the type of decision that needs to be made, their own managerial style when it comes to making decisions, as well as how rational one can be depending on the decision that needs to be made. One should always consider all the alternatives presented to them as well as the time needed to make a decision. As a manager, one should not be afraid to take risks however should understand the levels of risk depending on the alternatives presented. Being true to what one believes is also important and should always play a part of a manager’s decision making process. References: Kalyan City Life Blog. Decision Making Process in Management-Problem Solving. Retrieved from http://kalyan-city.blogspot.com/2010/06/decision-making-process-in-management.html